Around the year 1. They named their settlement Amstelredamme, which means: âdam in the river Amstel.â The oldest official record of that name dates from 1.
Calendrier complet des jours f Amsterdam » Entertainment » National Opera and Ballet. The Dutch National Opera and Ballet in Amsterdam (previously Muziektheater) The Dutch National Opera and. Births and Citizenship. Persons born abroad to a U.S. This determination is based upon a variety of facts. Information, recources and research on sociological theories. Editor: Albert Benschop (University of Amsterdam).
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This document awarded toll privileges to the settlement, which implied city- rights. Because no earlier documents are known, 1. Amsterdam as a city. In the 1. 4th century, the local fishermen began exporting their herring to Hamburg, trading their catch for beer. In 1. 34. 1, the Amsterdam traders acquired a privilege for a monopoly of all beer exports from Hamburg to Holland and Flanders. In return, they carried textiles to Hamburg and to the Hanseatic cities on the Baltic coasts.
In the course of the Middle Ages, the fishing village developed into a trading hub between Scandinavia and the rest of Europe. The first canals were dug as defence moats around the settlements on both sides of the river. As the city grew, new defence canals were dug in wider circles. At the end of the Middle Ages, the city wall had already been taken down and rebuilt three times in successive city expansions.
Below you find a map of the area. The numbers refer to the descriptions of highlighted points of interest along the route of a virtual canal cruise through this most interesting section of the city.
Even though Amsterdam is internationally known as . Old Church
Today, the church serves as an exhibition centre. On the first floor, left of the main entrance, you see the only window in the church that has steel bars. Until the middle of the 1.
Safely inside the church is a hidden door that leads to this storage space for municipal valuables. Our Dear Lord in the Attic
After the reformation, the Catholics in the city were not allowed to preach openly anymore. A rich Catholic merchant who lived only a few houses away from the Old Church, built a complete catholic church in the attic of his house.
This secret second St Nicolas Church is now a museum, named âOur dear Lord in the atticâ
The museum is also interesting because the interior of the merchantâs house below the church is one of the three last remaining original 1. Oudezijds Kolk
Today, this is one of the last three locations left in Amsterdam, where the canals have no streets alongside of them.
The sailorsâ patron Saint was restored to his medieval prominence, his new church was built on the open harbour as a beacon to incoming ships. Nicolas the childrenâs friend arrives in front of this church every year on the 1. November on his steamboat from Spain; to celebrate his birthday on December 5th with gifts to all the children who have been good in the past year.
Grudgingly, the city council agreed. This was seen as the first ever victory of the national government over the once mighty rulers of Amsterdam.
On your left is the biggest of the three remaining corner- towers of the medieval city- wall, the Schreierstoren (weeping tower) The story goes that in the old days, the wives of the sailors who went to sea, stood on the transom of this tower to wave their husbands goodbye. Maybe forever, they knew how many would be killed at sea by scurvy, pirates and war. But a small copper plaque on the base of the tower explains dryly that the name has nothing to do with weeping. The tower stood on a sharp corner of the city- wall.
The building is shaped like the bow of a ship. It is richly decorated inside and out with statues, ornaments and illustrations, all related to shipping, ships and the sea. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful examples of . Today, the building houses the Amrath hotel, a five star hotel.
Medieval winter harbor
The third leftover of the medieval city wall is the . The city- wall was taken down for a new expansion in 1. The steeple with the clocks was added to the tower in 1.
Without the support of the wall, the towerâs foundation became unstable. Four years later, it leaned over as dangerously as the famous tower of Pisa. After several failed attempts to improve the existing foundation, the tower was pulled straight with long cables. A big block was cemented on a new foundation around the base.
Amsterdammers used to call this tower . The clocks in the steeple used to start chiming at the strangest hours. A few years ago, your reporter captain Jan had his own mysterious experience with Crazy Jack. For three weeks in August, every night light- flashes came from the steeple, as if it was a lighthouse.
I asked the police, the water authority, the historic society, the city and many other institutions, but no one knew where those light flashes came from. That mystery is not solved till this day.
In 1.
For weeks, the Amsterdammers were mesmerized by these appearances. Every night, big crowds appeared here at the canal side, hoping to see the sprits. They were said to appear on the corner across the canal from the Montelbaans- tower. For most of the 1. Rembrandt House
The second house from the corner on the left, next to the St. Anthonyâs lock, is the Rembrandt House Museum, where the painter lived from 1. Todayâs Rembrandt museum displays almost all 2. In 1. 99. 9, the interior was restored to its 1. Rembrandtâs own living environment.
This water lock was built in 1. Rembrandt made a drawing of the lock in 1. The lock- guardâs house was built in 1. Today, it is one of the most .
It was restored recently and opened as caf. Waterloo Square Flea market
A big open- air market developed in the middle of their neighbourhood, which survives to this day. The Waterloo Square flea market is more than 3. It almost disappeared at the end of the 2.
City Hall was built on most of its territory.
Southern church
Monet painted this scene
Amsterdam was built on muddy marshland. All the old houses in the city have foundations of Scandinavian pine- wood poles which were driven about 1. As long as these poles are below the groundwater- level, they retain their structural strength. If the water level drops, the tops of the poles come out of the water and then they rot rapidly. On the southern side of the river, five houses in a row can be seen, which are all sagging sideways and leaning on each other. Doelen Hotel
The name . Rembrandt painted his world famous .